White spots on the skin can appear for a wide variety of reasons, ranging from eczema to albinism. The technical word for white spots is hypopigmentation and it occurs when melanocyte cells in the skin become damaged. Melanocyte cells are specialized cells distributed throughout the top layer of our skin (epidermis) responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives our skin color. When these cells become damaged by injuries, burns, infections or other conditions, they can stop producing melanin and leave white spots and patches as a result.